Publication
Key Negotiations & Related Outcomes of the UN Climate Conference in Belém
Our analysis of key negotiations and outcomes from COP30.
Our analysis of key negotiations and outcomes from COP30.
Parties are expected to decide on the progress assessment for […]
The substantial reduction of methane emissions globally by 2030 could […]
At COP30, the United Arab Emirates Just Transition Work Programme […]
The Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015, and the last […]
The need for greater adaptation finance is clear, but the […]
This paper outlines the current state of discussion on the […]
Strategic Communications Playbook: Research, Tools, and Resources to Effectively Tell […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES) has submitted a […]
Utilizing the Full Potential of the Paris Agreement’s Transparency Regime […]
These comments were submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency […]
The review of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and […]
The period from the end of the first global stocktake […]
Questions for Consideration How are Parties planning to take forward […]
The 27th Conference of the Parties (COP27) to the United […]
To date, the Sharm el-Sheikh Dialogues to enhance the understanding […]
Parties agreed to a framework for the Global Goal on […]
The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC) 28th Conference […]
The establishment of the Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP) and […]
Given a challenging political environment, the Paris Agreement (PA) is […]
The Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) is a critical lever to […]
]The Baku Adaptation Roadmap (BAR), which was launched at the […]
This paper was submitted to the UNFCCC on March 31, […]
These comments were submitted to the California Air Resources Board […]
The paper was submitted on February 28, 2025, to the […]
The global finance sector occupies a unique position in the […]
As communities face increasing disruptions from extreme weather and other […]
The context for reaching agreement on the new collective quantified […]
The latest report from the Alliance for a Sustainable Future […]
Dubbed the “finance COP” for the milestone adoption of a […]
Click here for a factsheet summarizing the Sustainable Aviation Fuel […]
These comments were submitted to the U.S. Department of Energy […]
Click here for a factsheet summarizing the Long-Duration Energy Storage […]
Click here for a factsheet summarizing the Clean Hydrogen Policy […]
At the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 29th […]
Transformational adaptation is a concept with evolving definitions and applications […]
Climate change is no longer a distant threat—it is reshaping […]
Parties must land an ambitious outcome for the new collective […]
With the adoption at the 29th Conference of the Parties […]
In order to implement the GST targets and signals through […]
In order to implement the GST targets and signals through […]
In order to implement the GST targets and signals through […]
In order to implement the GST targets and signals through […]
In order to implement the GST targets and signals through […]
There is broad consensus that both aggressive greenhouse gas emissions […]
This factsheet accompanies the full brief that explores C2ES’s engineered […]
This paper was submitted to the UNFCCC High-Level Climate Champions […]
This paper was submitted to the UNFCCC in July 2024.
These comments were submitted to the U.S. Department of Energy […]
In March 2022, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) […]
The paper was submitted to the UNFCCC in March 2024.
These comments were submitted to the U.S. Commodities Futures Trading […]
This paper was submitted to the UNFCCC on February 16, […]
Referred to as the “GST COP” for marking the conclusion […]
In this paper, we break down key lessons learned following […]
The latest report from the Alliance for a Sustainable Future […]
The need to address climate change remains urgent. Over the […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
April 11, 2022 Public Utility Commission of Texas via digital […]
These recommendations synthesize the TCFD’s 2021 guidance on disclosing climate-related […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting economic fallout represent unprecedented challenges […]
Since the Financial Stability Board’s Task Force on Climate-related Financial […]
As part of the Alliance’s ongoing work plan to promote […]
Cities across the country are increasingly interested in partnerships to […]
Negotiators went into record overtime to avoid a complete breakdown […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
While market dynamics and current state and federal policies have […]
The climate is changing, and society is facing significant climate […]
The scientific evidence is unequivocal. The Earth is warming due […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
The scientific evidence is overwhelming: The climate is changing, and […]
Businesses are taking a leadership role in responding to climate […]
A growing majority of Americans favor stronger government action to […]
Never have the stakes been higher to advance the cause […]
In the most pivotal moment in international climate negotiations since […]
The 2018 survey by the Alliance for a Sustainable Future—a joint […]
A new federal infrastructure package presents a critical opportunity to […]
In the most significant test of the Paris Agreement since […]
The summary case studies contained in this document are meant […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
September 18, 2017
Tags BusinessCitiesClean EnergyResilienceRenewablesTransportation
Mayors across the country are taking action to address these […]
This policy brief outlines various options for containing costs under […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
June 23, 2017
Tags BusinessCitiesClean EnergyResilienceTransportationEnergy
In the debate over continued U.S. participation in the Paris […]
C2ES held a half-day Solutions Forum in March 2017 in […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
January 26, 2017
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In October 2016, the U.S. government granted final approval of […]
Despite looming uncertainties following the election of Donald Trump as […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 9, 2016
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
September 14, 2016
Under its final Clean Power Plan (CPP), the U.S. Environmental […]
With climate action gaining momentum around the country, policymakers at […]
Cities across the United States are using a range of […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
April 22, 2016
Many state regulators are considering carbon trading as a compliance […]
C2ES held a two-day Solutions Forum workshop in March 2016 […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
March 31, 2016
The city of Stamford, Connecticut, is a corporate hub with […]
Climate changes will impact the entire Anchorage community. Businesses of […]
C2ES facilitated a second private Solutions Forum workshop around the […]
The City of Phoenix has developed innovative partnerships with the […]
In August 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized […]
Energy efficiency programs are in wide use, whether administered by […]
Carbon markets, like other commodities markets, require provisions to ensure […]
Tracking Systems in the Clean Power Plan February 2016 Download […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
January 28, 2016
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The Clean Power Plan gives states the option to comply […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
Parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) reached a […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
December 12, 2015
In November 2015, C2ES facilitated a discussion with 25 business […]
The U.N. Climate Change Conference in Paris presents a critical […]
C2ES held a Solutions Forum workshop focusing on opportunities for […]
Detroit is projected to experience higher temperatures, more frequent and […]
Today we are already experiencing the types of impacts, which […]
This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
October 14, 2015
C2ES held its first Solutions Forum workshop, focusing on market […]
Energy efficiency is expected to be a key compliance option […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
September 22, 2015
Tags BusinessClean EnergyResilienceFinanceBusiness Practices
Based on analysis by some of the world’s leading energy […]
The EV Charging Financial Analysis Tool was developed for this […]
In a preview of a tough year ahead, governments meeting […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 28, 2014
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
July 17, 2014
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One year after President Obama announced his Climate Action Plan, […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
June 16, 2014
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On June 18, 2014, EPA proposed carbon dioxide emission standards […]
On September 20, 2013, EPA proposed carbon dioxide emission standards […]
The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) was the first mandatory […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 25, 2013
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Governments meeting at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 4, 2013
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
October 8, 2013
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The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) oversees federal efforts to […]
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released a final rule […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
July 16, 2013
Recent technological advances have unleashed a boom in U.S. natural […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
April 17, 2013
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
March 4, 2013
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
March 4, 2013
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
March 4, 2013
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
February 13, 2013
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The past year of extreme heat, drought, flooding and wildfire […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
February 12, 2013
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
January 31, 2013
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
January 17, 2013
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The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) appropriated […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
December 21, 2012
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
December 11, 2012
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In a package of decisions dubbed the Doha Climate Gateway, […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 6, 2012
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 6, 2012
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Hurricane Sandy is a stark reminder of the rising risks […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
September 20, 2012
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This document constitutes the comments of the Center for Climate […]
Summary The Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES) and […]
Creating a low-carbon future for the United States requires innovative […]
Executive Summary Americans purchased almost 18,000 plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
March 1, 2012
Introduction The National Enhanced Oil Recovery Initiative (NEORI) recommends that […]
Introduction Amidst economic uncertainty, fiscal crisis and political division over […]
Agricultural industries and communities can benefit from selling CO2 to meet the […]
Where does the CO2 come from and where does it go? Today, most […]
Does Increasing CO2-EOR Create Jobs? Yes. Workers will be needed across […]
How does EOR reduce CO2 emissions? Using CO2 captured from power plants and […]
How does CO2-EOR work? CO2-EOR works most commonly by injecting […]
Short-lived climate pollutants such as soot, methane and hydroflurorocarbons (HFCs) […]
There is a growing consensus that regardless of our efforts […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
January 24, 2012
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
January 19, 2012
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Summary Australia’s Clean Energy Future plan is a comprehensive set […]
In what could prove to be a key transitional moment, […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 30, 2011
This paper describes an illustrative framework for a federal clean […]
The United Nations Climate Change Conference in Durban is an […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 15, 2011
Executive Summary A transition from conventional fossil fueled electricity generation […]
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 9, 2011
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Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
November 9, 2011
To enable a better understanding of the mitigation pledges offered […]
This brief discusses how investment in clean energy technologies will […]
Much of the discussion of climate change focuses on slow […]
The United States and other developed countries provide assistance to […]
This document contains our responses to the questions posted by […]
On March 17, 2011, the Center prepared this document to […]
The Climate Change 101 series provides a reliable and understandable […]
The Climate Change 101 series provides a reliable and understandable […]
A survey released by the government of Mexico and the […]
A central issue in negotiations under the United Nations Framework […]
The United Nations Climate Change Conference in Cancún is an […]
With climate finance needs in developing countries projected to grow […]
One of the central issues in the international climate change […]
In June 2009, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a […]
In the design of clean energy and climate legislation, careful […]
Introduction In recent years, leading businesses have emerged as some […]
The United States needs strong action now to reduce the […]
On May 12, 2010, Senator Kerry (D-MA) and Senator Lieberman […]
Supreme Court Ruling in Massachusetts v. EPA: Recent activity at […]
This brief compares key elements of two bills currently under […]
On December 11, 2009, Senators Maria Cantwell (D-WA) and Susan […]
At the heart of any successful cap-and-trade program is a […]
Economic models are an important tool for evaluating the potential […]
Addressing the challenge of global climate change will require a […]
The European Union (EU) is the world’s third largest greenhouse […]
The Offset Quality Initiative (OQI) responds to the intensifying debate […]
The UN Conference on Climate Change in Copenhagen presents a […]
A new global climate agreement will be most effective if […]
The “comparability” of climate mitigation efforts undertaken by developed countries […]
Electricity generation accounts for more than one third of total […]
The U.S. House of Representatives passed the American Clean Energy […]
Coal is an inexpensive and abundant domestic energy resource; the […]
Energy-intensive industries may face certain competitiveness concerns resulting from a […]
Since the Industrial Revolution, the acidity of the world’s oceans […]
Recently, respected voices in the U.S. national security community—general officers, […]
The U.S. House of Representatives passed the American Clean Energy […]
Transportation is the second largest contributor to total U.S. greenhouse […]
Agriculture, likely one of America’s most vulnerable sectors to a […]
Economic analysis by its nature is better suited to providing […]
No bill is perfect. Certainly not one that contains a […]
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released its Fourth […]
This brief explains how and why renewable energy certificates (RECs) […]
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was established in Article 12 […]
Recent discussions in the United States have raised questions about […]
This report presents a vision and a concrete roadmap for […]
On January 15, 2009, the US Climate Action Partnership (USCAP) […]
This brief examines policy options for addressing competitiveness concerns arising […]
This brief describes issues relevant to the timetable for reducing […]
This brief presents the key issues and identifies options for […]
This brief describes issues involved in choosing the set of […]
This policy brief outlines various options for distributing greenhouse gas […]
This brief outlines the motivation for and key features of […]
This brief discusses public policy tools available to reduce greenhouse […]
Coal is a cheap and abundant resource, and carbon dioxide […]
This brief presents public policy tools available to provide support […]
India is the world’s fourth largest economy and fifth largest […]
For the first time, both major party candidates for the […]
This paper aims to provide policymakers with practical recommendations regarding […]
In the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, developed countries […]
Models only provide a simplified view of our economy. In […]
Since climate change first emerged as an international issue in […]
China’s emissions are increasing rapidly with strong economic growth and […]
Increasing certainty that humans are changing the earth’s climate through […]
This In-Brief describes how the built environment can make an […]
As of February 2006 161 countries had ratified the 1997 […]
California is currently considering legislation that would establish state-wide caps […]
This major report outlines options and recommendations for advancing […]
Addressing the challenge of global climate change will require a […]
The Pew Center on Global Climate Change and the National […]
This recently updated publication provides an overview of climate-related efforts […]
Technological innovation on a global scale will be needed to […]
The majority of U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions—84 percent—are in […]
U.S. transportation is responsible for more than a quarter of […]
Over the past several decades, the scientific community has arrived […]
A mandatory greenhouse gas (GHG) reporting and disclosure program is […]
Introduction Human activities are increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations. […]
Introduction The United States is the world’s largest emitter of […]
There is growing evidence that providing businesses and consumers with […]