Lithium-ion is the most common type of large-format battery used for stationary storage installations and electric vehicles, although alternative chemistries like sodium-ion and solid-state batteries may be on the horizon. While the exact composition of these batteries may vary depending on their unique chemistries and structures, all require significant inputs of minerals and materials that must be mined, synthesized, and/or refined. Globally, infrastructure to produce many of these materials is concentrated in Asia, often China. This fact sheet defines several of the most common battery critical materials and their global mining and processing resources.
