Parties agreed to a framework for the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA)—known as the UAE Framework for Global Climate Resilience (UAE Framework)—at the 5th Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA5) …
The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC) 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) set out a historic agreement to operationalize the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD), including new funding arrangements for responding to loss and damage …
The establishment of the Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP) and its inclusion on the agenda of the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA) reflects the greater awareness and engagement by Parties on just transition and its inextricable …
Given a challenging political environment, the Paris Agreement (PA) is facing scrutiny about its effectiveness and impact. But it is indeed working as intended by reflecting back what the global community is doing to combat climate change and pointing the …
The Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) is a critical lever to building mutual confidence among Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and enhance international cooperation to reach the goals of the Paris Agreement (PA). December 2025 will …
]The Baku Adaptation Roadmap (BAR), which was launched at the 29th Conference of the Parties (COP29), aims to advance progress towards the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) under the Paris Agreement and support the implementation of Decision 2/CMA.5, paragraph 38 …
At the conclusion of the G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro last year, President Lula of Brazil proposed the establishment of a ‘Climate Change Council’ (the Council). While the proposal was not fully elaborated, reportedly the Council would be established …
This paper was submitted to the UNFCCC on March 31, 2025. Summary The Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI) has been discussing the challenges posed by the increasing scale of UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) conferences and approaches to …
At the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 29th Conference of the Parties (COP29), Parties not only need to decide the new collective quantified goal (NCQG) on climate finance but should also consider how to enhance synergies with other …
Transformational adaptation is a concept with evolving definitions and applications in climate adaptation and resilience literature. There is no single agreed approach to either, although several common features emerge across the literature on transformational adaptation. Most definitions emphasize the depth …