All provinces have completed comprehensive climate action plans. The plans detail steps that provinces intend to take to reduce their contribution to climate change and prepare for the impacts of a changing climate. The process of developing a climate action plan can identify cost-effective opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency across several sectors. The individual characteristics of each province’s economy, resource base, and political structure provide different opportunities and challenges for dealing with climate change. While action plans are important, without targets for emissions reductions, incentives for cleaner technologies, or other clear policies, the plans alone will not achieve the intended reductions set out in each plan.