This paper presents options for each of the elements of a possible decision on the Santiago Network (SN) to be adopted at the 27th Conference of the Parties (COP27), based on the draft element text considered at 56th Subsidiary Body …
Loss and damage (L&D) is a complex concept that raises difficult legal, political, scientific, and ethical questions. While Parties to both the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement have not formally defined L&D, they …
To respond to the urgency of enhancing understanding, action, and support necessary to meet the extreme challenges of climate change, Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) need to accelerate action and support for loss and …
The first global stocktake (GST) under the Paris Agreement takes place from 2021–23 and serves as the first official checkpoint to assess Parties’ collective progress on climate action. The Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES) is working closely with …