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G7 Leadership on Interoperable CBAMs: The US-EU TTC Negotiating Model

  G7 states and others are considering or implementing carbon border adjustment mechanisms (CBAMs), but the lack of interoperable or harmonized emissions monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) rules around which these countries can coordinate their national policies creates risks for trade and investment. Implementing CBAMs without first addressing interoperability could generate trade barriers that impede […]
Carbon Border Adjustment Provisions in the 118th Congress

Carbon border adjustment mechanisms (CBAM) are an emerging set of trade policy tools that aim to prevent carbon-intensive economic activity from moving out of jurisdictions with relatively stringent climate policies and into those with relatively less stringent policies. Border adjustments have the potential to increase the environmental effectiveness of climate policies, by averting shifts in […]

Carbon Tax, Congress, Industry, Carbon Pricing, Mitigation, Climate and Trade
Carbon Pricing Proposals in the 118th Congress

There are various market-based approaches to pricing carbon (e.g., carbon tax, cap and trade, clean energy standard). All of these approaches can reduce emissions cost-effectively while driving clean energy innovation. This factsheet compares three carbon tax proposals and two cap-and-invest proposal introduced in the 118th Congress (2023–2024). Carbon pricing offers a cost-effective way to reduce […]

Carbon Tax, Congress, Carbon Pricing
Carbon Border Adjustments: Considerations for Policymakers

Carbon border adjustments, also referred to as “carbon border adjustment mechanisms” (CBAM), are an emerging set of trade policy tools that aim to prevent carbon-intensive economic activity from moving out of jurisdictions with relatively stringent climate policies and into those with relatively less stringent policies. Border adjustments have the potential to increase the environmental effectiveness […]

Industry, Carbon Pricing, Mitigation, Carbon Tax, Congress
Carbon Pricing Proposals in the 117th Congress

Carbon pricing offers a cost-effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Fourteen states are already pricing carbon, and a number of states are considering similar action. This factsheet summarizes and compares nine federal carbon pricing proposals that have been introduced in the 117th Congress (2021–2022), highlighting similarities and differences. Six of these proposals would establish […]

Carbon Tax, Congress, Carbon Pricing
Using Digitalization to Achieve Decarbonization Goals

Digital technologies—such as sensors, networked devices, and data analytics—are already changing how energy is used and consumed across the economy. As digitalization expands, it is creating new opportunities to optimize energy use and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Opportunities in key sectors include the following: Power: Digitalization can improve the grid’s ability to integrate more variable […]

Emissions, Regulation, Climate Innovation
National Climate Bank Proposals in the 117th Congress

The idea of a national climate bank has gained renewed attention. Congress last seriously considered a climate bank proposal in 2009 that would create the Clean Energy Development Administration (CEDA), with key functions based on the green bank model. Since then, national climate bank proposals have been introduced in the last several Congresses. This factsheet […]

Clean Energy, Congress, Finance
Carbon Pricing Proposals in the 116th Congress

There are various market-based approaches to pricing carbon (e.g. carbon tax, cap and trade, and a clean energy standard). All of these can reduce emissions cost-effectively while driving clean energy innovation. This factsheet compares eleven carbon tax and cap-and-dividend proposals introduced in the 116th Congress (2019–2020). The eleven proposals are: The Energy Innovation and Carbon […]

Carbon Tax, Congress, Carbon Pricing
Market Mechanisms: Options for Climate Policy

Climate change poses a significant risk for a broad range of human and natural systems. Policies to reduce emissions are critical if we are to avoid the most costly damages associated with a rapidly changing climate. Compared to traditional command-and-control regulations, market-based policies can more cost-effectively reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by creating financial incentives […]

Carbon Pricing
Getting to Zero: A U.S. Climate Agenda

This report outlines a comprehensive agenda for decarbonizing the U.S. economy by 2050, with an emphasis on priority actions needed over the coming decade. This agenda was developed in close consultation with leading companies in key sectors through the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions’ (C2ES’s) Climate Innovation 2050 initiative. It builds on an earlier […]
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