Country Emissions Targets
International Emissions Targets
Entity | Pledged targets under the UNFCCC [1] | Domestically mandated targets | |
Australia | 8% above 1990 levels | 5% below 2000 levels by 2020 15%-25% below 2000 levels by 2020 under different conditions of a global agreement that stabilizes GHG levels | Clean Energy Future Legislation: 80% below 2000 levels by 2050 Default emissions cap for cap-and-trade system starting in 2015 consistent with target of reducing emissions 5% below 2000 levels by 2020 |
Canada | 6% below 1990 levels | 17% below 2005 levels by 2020 |
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European Community | EU-15: 8% below 1990 levels | EU-27: 20% below 1990 levels by 2020 30% below 1990 levels by 2020 if comparable and adequate actions by other countries | EU-27: 20% below 1990 levels by 2020, translated to 14% below 2005 levels by 2020 21% reduction from 2005 levels for ETS sectors 10% reduction from 2005 levels for non-ETS sectors |
Bulgaria | 8% below 1988 levels | Part of EU |
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Czech Republic | 8% below 1990 levels | Part of EU |
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Estonia | 8% below 1990 levels | Part of EU |
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Hungary | 6% below average1985-1987 levels | Part of EU |
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Latvia | 8% below 1990 levels | Part of EU |
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Lithuania | 8% below 1990 levels | Part of EU |
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Poland | 6% below 1988 levels | Part of EU |
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Romania | 8% below 1989 levels | Part of EU |
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Slovakia | 8% below 1990 levels | Part of EU |
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Slovenia | 8% below 1986 levels | Part of EU |
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Japan | 6% below 1990 levels | 25% below 1990 levels by 2020 on condition of fair, effective international framework with ambitious targets by all major economies |
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New Zealand | Remain at 1990 levels | 10-20% below 1990 levels by 2020 if comprehensive global agreement |
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Russia | Remain at 1990 levels | 15-25% below 1990 levels by 2020; range depends on accounting of forestry sector and actions by all major emitters |
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United States | In the range of 17% below 2005 levels by 2020, in conformity with anticipated legislation |
| |
Croatia | 5% below 1990 levels | 5% below 1990 levels by 2020, to be replaced upon EU accession (1 July 2013) |
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Iceland | 10% above 1990 levels | Same as EU target |
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Liechtenstein | 8% below 1990 levels | Same as EU target |
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Monaco | 8% below 1990 levels | Same as EU target |
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Norway | 1% above 1990 levels
| 30% below 1990 levels by 2020 40% below 1990 levels by 2020 as part of a global and comprehensive international agreement | Strengthening Kyoto target to 9% below 1990 levels 30% below 1990 levels by 2020 Targets in the Report No. 34 (2006-2007) to the Storting (Parliament) |
Switzerland | 8% below 1990 levels | Same as EU target |
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Ukraine | Remain at 1990 levels | 20% below 1990 levels by 2020 under certain conditions |
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United Kingdom | 12.5% below 1990 levels | Same as EU target | Domestically legislated emissions target of 34% below 1990 levels by 2020 and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050 |
Belarus |
| 5-10% below 1990 levels by 2020, conditional on access to carbon markets, technology and capacity assistance, as well as clarity on accounting rules for forestry and land-use |
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Kazakhstan |
| 15% below 1992 levels by 2020 |
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Brazil |
| 36.1-38.9% below business-as-usual projected emissions level in 2020 | Presidential Decree of 9 December 2010: 36.1-38.9% below business-as-usual projected emissions level in 2020 (3236 MtCO2e) |
Chile |
| 20% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020, projected from 2007 levels, requiring international support |
|
China |
| 40-45% reduction in CO2 emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) from 2005 level by 2020 | 12th Five Year Plan: 17% reduction in CO2 emissions per unit of GDP from 2010 levels by 2015 |
Costa Rica |
| Carbon neutral by 2021 | Carbon neutrality goal in 2008 Climate Change Strategy |
India |
| 20-25% reduction in emissions per unit of GDP (excluding agriculture sector) from 2005 level by 2020 |
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Indonesia |
| 26% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020 | Presidential Decree No. 61 2011, National Action Plan for Reduction Greenhouse Gas Emissions |
Israel |
| 20% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020 41% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020 with international support |
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Mexico |
| 30% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020, subject to provision of adequate support | General Climate Change Law, April 2012: 30% below business-as-usual projected emissions by 2020 and 50% below 2000 levels by 2050 |
Korea (Republic of) |
| 30% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020 (4% below 2005 level) | Cabinet decision of 17 November 2009: 30% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020 |
Singapore |
| 7-11% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020 16% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020, contingent on legally binding global agreement | 2009 Sustainable Singapore Blueprint goals expected to lead to 7-11% reduction in business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020
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South Africa |
| 34% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2020 42% below business-as-usual projected emissions in 2025, extent of implementation dependent on level of support |
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Marshall Islands |
| 40% below 2009 levels by 2020 (CO2 only) |
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Maldives |
| Carbon neutrality by 2020 |
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Antigua and Barbuda |
| 25% below 1990 levels by 2020 |
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European Community | Kyoto Target [2] 2008-2012 | EU Climate and Energy Package Effort Sharing targets for 2013-2020 [3] |
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Austria | 13% below 1990 | 16% below 2005 level |
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Belgium | 7.5% below 1990 | 15% below 2005 level |
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Bulgaria | 20% above 2005 level |
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Czech Republic | 9% above 2005 level |
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Cyprus | 5% below 2005 level |
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Denmark | 21% below 1990 | 20% below 2005 level |
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Estonia | 11% above 2005 level |
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Finland | 1990 levels | 16% below 2005 level |
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France | 1990 levels | 14% below 2005 level |
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Germany | 21% below 1990 | 14% below 2005 level |
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Greece | 25% above 1990 | 4% below 2005 level |
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Hungary | 10% above 2005 level |
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Ireland | 13% above 1990 | 20% below 2005 level |
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Italy | 6.5% below 1990 | 13% below 2005 level |
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Latvia | 17% above 2005 level |
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Lithuania | 15% above 2005 level |
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Luxembourg | 28% below 1990 | 20% below 2005 level |
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Malta | 5% above 2005 level |
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Netherlands | 6% below 1990 | 16% below 2005 level |
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Poland | 14% above 2005 level |
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Portugal | 27% above 1990 | 1% above 2005 level |
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Romania | 19% above 2005 level |
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Slovenia | 4% above 2005 level |
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Slovakia | 13% above 2005 level |
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Spain | 15% above 1990 | 10% below 2005 level |
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Sweden | 4% above 1990 | 17% below 2005 level |
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United Kingdom | 12.5% below 1990 | 16% below 2005 level |
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References:
1. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 2011, FCCC/AWGLCA/2011/INF.1 and FCCC/SB/2011/INF.1/Rev.1
2. The EU-15 nations have joined a "bubble" which allows the joint fulfillment of emissions commitments and preserves the collective emissions reduction goal of 8% below 1990 levels by 2008/2012. http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/en/oj/dat/2002/l_130/l_13020020515en00010020.pdf
3. http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/effort/index_en.htm. The EU’s collective 20% reduction target from 1990 levels translates to a 14% reduction from 2005 levels, split into sectors covered by the ETS (21% reduction) and those not covered by it (10% reduction). These targets apply to sectors not covered by the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), such as buildings, transport, and other commercial activities. The EU ETS applies a sectoral cap and reduction target across the EU countries for emissions from power and heavy industry, and aviation from 2012. The ETS reduction target is 21% below 2005 levels by 2020.
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